{"id":501,"date":"2016-12-04T23:36:51","date_gmt":"2016-12-04T23:36:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.apuntesdesanscrito.com\/?p=501"},"modified":"2017-04-02T09:33:04","modified_gmt":"2017-04-02T09:33:04","slug":"el-sanscrito-resumenes-de-w-h-maurer-4-el-sistema-de-escritura-las-consonantes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.apuntesdesanscrito.com\/?p=501","title":{"rendered":"El s\u00e1nscrito. Res\u00famenes de W.H. Maurer 4. El sistema de escritura. Las consonantes mudas."},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Las consonantes mudas.<\/h1>\n<p>P\u00e1ginas 14 y 15.<\/p>\n<p>Cuando se aprende Devanagari, lo mejor es comenzar con las consonantes, y a continuaci\u00f3n ir aprendiendo los signos de aquellas vocales distintas de la \u00aba\u00bb, y por \u00faltimo los 13 signos de las vocales que se usan cuando las vocales forman s\u00edlabas por s\u00ed mismas, es decir, cuando no siguen a una consonante.<\/p>\n<p>Cuando se recitan los sonidos del devanagari y tambi\u00e9n para prop\u00f3sitos pedag\u00f3gicos, las consonantes son tradicionalmente organizadas en grupos y sub-grupos, como veremos m\u00e1s adelante. El primero y m\u00e1s grande de estos grupos de consonantes, es el llamado de las consonantes \u00ab<strong>mudas<\/strong>\u00bb por los estudiosos occidentales. Estos son sonidos, como en Ingl\u00e9s \u00abd\u00bb o \u00abb\u00bb que implican una moment\u00e1nea parada del aliento, cuando se producen. \u00a0Esta parada de la respiraci\u00f3n puede demostrarse f\u00e1cilmente si se intenta pronunciar una \u00abd\u00bb o una \u00abb\u00bb sin que le siga una vocal.<\/p>\n<p>Los antiguos gram\u00e1ticos llamaban a estos sonidos \u00ab<strong>sonidos tocados<\/strong>\u00bb porque se realizan mediante cortos \u00abtoques\u00bb, debidos al contacto entre la lengua y algunos puntos de la boca, o incluso provocados\u00a0por los labios. Con incre\u00edble astucia ellos organizaron cada grupo de consonantes mudas que son articuladas en el mismo punto de acuerdo con la progresi\u00f3n de su articulaci\u00f3n desde el punto m\u00e1s alejado\u00a0por detr\u00e1s en el paladar blando de la boca, hasta el m\u00e1s delantero, los labios. Dentro de cada grupo de consonantes mudas, paradas o tocadas, hay un grupo adicional que no var\u00eda de un grupo a otro, \u00a0 pero una consideraci\u00f3n de esto vendr\u00e1 a aclarar c\u00f3mo las consonantes de cada grupo van a ser discutidas. Debajo hay una tabla de los cinco grupos de mudas, en la que est\u00e1 dada la transliteraci\u00f3n estandar de cada s\u00edlaba de devanagari:<\/p>\n<p>Consonantes Mudas o \u00absonidos tocados\u00bb de S\u00e1nscrito<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 216px;\" border=\"0\" width=\"700\" frame=\"VOID\" rules=\"NONE\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"128\" \/>\n<col width=\"31\" \/>\n<col width=\"97\" \/>\n<col width=\"42\" \/>\n<col width=\"97\" \/>\n<col width=\"31\" \/>\n<col width=\"97\" \/>\n<col width=\"42\" \/>\n<col width=\"97\" \/>\n<col width=\"37\" \/>\n<col width=\"97\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"LEFT\" width=\"60\" height=\"21\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">Guturales<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\" width=\"31\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">ka<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\" width=\"97\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0915<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\" width=\"42\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">kha<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\" width=\"97\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0916<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\" width=\"31\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">ga<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\" width=\"97\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0917<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\" width=\"42\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">gha<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\" width=\"97\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0918<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\" width=\"37\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u1e45a<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\" width=\"97\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0919<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"LEFT\" height=\"60\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">Palatales<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">ca<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u091a<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">cha<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u091b<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">ja<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u091c<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">jha<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u091d<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u00f1a<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u091e<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"LEFT\" height=\"60\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">Cerebrales<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u1e6da<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u091f<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u1e6dha<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0920<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u1e0da<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0921<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u1e0dha<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0922<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u1e47a<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0923<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"LEFT\" height=\"60\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">Dentales<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">ta<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0924<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">tha<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0925<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">da<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0926<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">dha<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0927<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">na<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u0928<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"LEFT\" height=\"60\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">Labiales<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">pa<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u092a<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">pha<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u092b<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">ba<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u092c<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">bha<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u092d<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">ma<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\">\u092e<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Los equivalentes devanagari de estos sonidos ser\u00e1n vistos despu\u00e9s de que todo el sistema de consonantes haya sido estudiado y se haya explicado la pronunciaci\u00f3n de cada una de ellos.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Las consonantes mudas. P\u00e1ginas 14 y 15. Cuando se aprende Devanagari, lo mejor es comenzar con las consonantes, y a&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,53,52],"tags":[47,4,55,54],"class_list":["post-501","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sanscrito","category-walter-harding-maurer","category-walter-maurer","tag-consonantes","tag-sanscrito","tag-walter-harding-maurer","tag-walter-maurer"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.apuntesdesanscrito.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/501","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.apuntesdesanscrito.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.apuntesdesanscrito.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.apuntesdesanscrito.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.apuntesdesanscrito.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=501"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.apuntesdesanscrito.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/501\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.apuntesdesanscrito.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=501"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.apuntesdesanscrito.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=501"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.apuntesdesanscrito.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=501"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}